Background analysis:
Some places in China are prone to natural disasters such as typhoon (hurricane), earthquakes, tsunamis, storm surges, and lightning strikes due to their special geographical locations. For example, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake hit Jiuzhaigou County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province on August 8, 2017. According to statistics, about 70% of disasters in China are earthquakes, floods, and mudslides. Some natural disasters are not accurately monitored due to technical means. It is important to strengthen the monitoring technology and early warning capacity building for sudden natural disasters, which is the fundamental need for all-weather, all-day, and full-coverage monitoring of natural disasters.
Natural disaster monitoring is the focus of disaster prevention and mitigation. The Ministry of Science and Technology has conducted scientific research and related applications and demonstrations on monitoring and early warning and risk prevention of major earthquake disasters, rapid identification and risk prevention and control of major geological disasters, monitoring and early warning and risk prevention of extreme meteorological disasters, assessment and comprehensive prevention of multi-hazard major natural disasters, etc. As a high-tech enterprise integrating research and production, Guochuang Intelligent responds to the national call and continues to deal with key issues. The micro-magnetic basic sensor based on the GMI effect and the axial acquisition characteristics is adopted in natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, and the application is of great innovative significance.
Seism is crustal vibration caused by natural factors, and also the rapid vibration spreading to the surroundings generated by underground power activities. The destructive and unpredictable nature of earthquakes will often cause numerous life threats and property losses to humans, and even generate tsunamis, threatening countries across the ocean for thousands of kilometers. Studies have shown that geomagnetic anomalies are often accompanied before and after the seism. It is estimated by calculation that for a destructive strong seism with magnitude M=6~9.5, at 1km near the epicenter, the amplitude of the geomagnetic anomaly signal before the seism is up to 102~105nT.
According to the magnetic anomaly characteristics, magnetic sensors with high sensitivity and response speed of Guochuang can be used to collect the magnetic anomaly change variation as an important magnetic survey means for seism prediction and monitoring. Generally, the domestic micro-magnetic sensors for seismic monitoring are imported and expensive, and the import of high-precision magnetic sensors is restricted. The noise level of high-precision micro-magnetic basic sensor independently developed by Guochuang reaches 20pT, which can meet the needs of seism monitoring and make up for the domestic technological gap. A seism that reaches a certain focal depth and intensity can generate a tsunami, and the use of seism monitoring technology can also be used for tsunami warning reports. The micro-magnetic basic sensor can also be used to monitor natural disasters such as landslides.
Functions:
The seismic monitoring system composed of Guochuang Micro-magnetic Basic Sensor can be used to monitor the weak geomagnetic variation of down to 20 pT, and can monitor the variation of geomagnetic anomalies for seismic precursor of Magnitude 5 or even lower. The variation of geomagnetic anomalies for seismic precursor also can be comprehensively analyzed with other monitoring methods such as topographic variation observation and geoelectric observation data, etc., and seismic prediction can be released timely to provide timely and effective information for earthquake relief, providing more time to saving people's lives and reducing property loss.
Principle:
The magnetic anomaly target contains materials with ferromagnetic characteristics (such as iron, cobalt, nickel, etc.). We use Guochuang Micro-magnetic Basic Sensor Array to detect the magnetic anomaly information caused by the ferromagnetic target. According to the corresponding model algorithm, the related feature information of ferromagnetic target can be determined. The intensity of the magnetic field is inversely proportional to the cubic target distance, H∝M/R3. Before a seism occurs, it will be accompanied by anomalous changes in the geomagnetic field. Guochuang Seism Monitor is used to collect geomagnetic data in a real time manner. When the anomalous changes before the seism are monitored, the corresponding model algorithm will be used to predict the occurrence of seism and its magnitude to relevant departments in time so as to provide valuable time for people to escape and save property. Guochuang Seism Monitoring System can also be applied to the monitoring and forecasting of tsunami, landslide and other geological disasters, mine collapse accidents as well as other fields.
Technical solution:
The seismic monitoring system consists of magnetic anomaly data acquisition module, data processing module, software algorithm, filtering, comparison, transmission and display, etc. Among others, the most important key technologies include micro-magnetic basic sensor technology, data filtering, processing and calculation technology, and comparison display technology.
The main components of the system:
1. The seismic monitoring system is composed of micro-magnetic basic sensor array, communication module, digital signal unit, etc.;
2. The seismic monitoring station is installed on the micro-magnetic basic sensor array;
3. Related algorithms include: micro-magnetic basic sensor array calibration, environmental noise suppression, processing of magnetic anomaly targets small signal, comparison decision algorithm, etc.;
4. Network data center: collection of data and information such as micro-magnetic basic sensor array data and magnetic anomaly early warning positioning signals;
5. Terminal console: display the working status and early warning information of the seismic monitoring system.
